Handbook of mechanical design
HANDBOOK OF MECHANICAL DESIGN
BY GEORGE F. NORDENHOLT, JOSEPH KERR AND JOHN SASSO
McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY, NEW YORK, 1942
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Handbook of mechanical design
PREFACE
Many engineering departments, perhaps most, compile and keep up to date a manual which may be called the standards book, reference book, engineering department standards, or which may be given some other name. Also, many design engineers build their own book or manual. In such books will be found a vast fund of engineering data and many methods of design procedure not found in existing handbooks.
When Product Engineering was launched as a publication to serve the design engineers, it was obvious to the editors that a great service could be rendered to the profession by gathering and publishing data, information, and design procedures such as are contained in engineering department manuals. Thus, the first number of Product Engineering in January, 1930, contained a reference-book sheet for design calculations, a feature which has been continued in practically every number. Soon afterward, there was added to Product Engineering's editorial content another regular feature, a two-page spread illustrating standard constructions, possible variations by which to achieve a desired result, and similar design standards covering constructions, drives, and controls.
It was soon found impossible to meet all the requests for additional copies of reference-book sheets and design standards. The demand continued to increase and numerous readers suggested that the material be compiled into book form and published. It was in answer to this demand that the authors compiled this book.
Other than the major portion of the chapter on materials and a few other pages that have been added to round out the treatment of certain subjects, all the material in this book appeared in past numbers of Product Engineering, although some of it has been condensed or re-edited. Very little of the material in this book can be found in the conventional handbooks, for this Handbook of Mechanical Design contains practically no explanations of theoretical design. It confines itself to practical design methods and procedures that have been in use in engineering design departments.
When Product Engineering was launched as a publication to serve the design engineers, it was obvious to the editors that a great service could be rendered to the profession by gathering and publishing data, information, and design procedures such as are contained in engineering department manuals. Thus, the first number of Product Engineering in January, 1930, contained a reference-book sheet for design calculations, a feature which has been continued in practically every number. Soon afterward, there was added to Product Engineering's editorial content another regular feature, a two-page spread illustrating standard constructions, possible variations by which to achieve a desired result, and similar design standards covering constructions, drives, and controls.
It was soon found impossible to meet all the requests for additional copies of reference-book sheets and design standards. The demand continued to increase and numerous readers suggested that the material be compiled into book form and published. It was in answer to this demand that the authors compiled this book.
Other than the major portion of the chapter on materials and a few other pages that have been added to round out the treatment of certain subjects, all the material in this book appeared in past numbers of Product Engineering, although some of it has been condensed or re-edited. Very little of the material in this book can be found in the conventional handbooks, for this Handbook of Mechanical Design contains practically no explanations of theoretical design. It confines itself to practical design methods and procedures that have been in use in engineering design departments.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I - Charts and Tables for General Arithmetical Calculations
Arc length versus Central Angle. Chordal Height and Length of Chord. Length of Material for Bends. Circular Segments. Volumes in Tanks, Horizontal Round. Volumes in Tanks, Vertical Round. Volume, Weight, and Cost. Weights of Cylindrical Pieces. Chart of Unit and Total Weights. Chart of Weights and Volumes. Moment of Inertia of Prisms; Flywheels; Gears and Armatures. Radii of Gyration. Transferring Moments of Inertia to Parallel Axis. Centrifugal Force. Forces in Toggle Joint. Linear Motion. Rotary Motion. Mean Cooling Temperature. Solution of Ohm's Equations. Total Resistance of Parallel Circuits.
CHAPTER II - Materials
Selection of Materials. Cast Irons. Alloy Cast Irons. Effect of Nickel and Chromium on Cast Iron. Malleable Iron Castings. Cast Carbon Steels. High Alloy Cast Steels. Low Alloy Cast Steels. Corrosion and Heat-resistant Cast Steels. Properties of Stainless Steel. Iron-nickel-chromium Alloys. Aluminum Base Alloys. Magnesium Base Alloys. Insulating Materials. Plastic Materials. Phenolic Laminated Molded Materials. Steels for Automotive Parts.
CHAPTER III - Beams and Structures
Stress Calculations for Thin Aluminum Sheet Sections. Compression Members. Angles in Compression. Shear Members. Vertical Stiffeners for Shear Resisting Webs. Diagonal Tension Webs. Hollow Girders. Box Sections Subjected to Torsion. Chart for Determining Bending Moments. Deflection of Variously Loaded Beams. Stresses in Cantilever Beams. Tensile Strength of Round Wires. Rectangular Moments of Inertia.
CHAPTER IV - Latches, Locks and Fastenings
Locking Devices. Retaining and Locking Detents. Wire Locks and Snap Rings. Taper- Pin Applications. Hinges and Pivots. Clamping Shoes and Plugs. Lock Bolts and Indexing Mechanisms. Machine Clamps. Door and Cover Fastenings. Bolt Diameter, Load, and Stress.
CHAPTER V - Springs
Designs of Helical Springs. Spring Wire Specifications. Design Stresses. Torsional Moduli. Allowable Stresses Based on Endurance Limits. Natural Frequency. Formulas for Helical Springs. Permissible Manufacturing Tolerances. Form for Design Calculations. Standard Drawings for Springs. Table of Wire Gages and Diameters, with Their Squares, Cubes, and Fourth Powers. Inspection and Testing of Springs. Graphical Solution of Helical Spring Formulas. Helical Spring Charts for Specified Ratio of Loads and Lengths. Designs of Tension Spring Ends. Graphical Designs of Flat Cantilever Springs. Graphical Designs of Semielliptic Laminated Springs.
CHAPTER VI - Power Transmission Elements and Mechanisms
Flexible Couplings. Shaft Diameters for Torsion and Bending. Shaft Diameters for Torsional Deflection. Shaft Diameters for Lateral Deflection. Shaft Diameters - A.S.M.E. Code. Two-bearing Shafts of Uniform Strength. Stress in Rotating Disk. Velocity Chart for Gears and Pulleys. Flat-belt Length and Pulley Diameter. Flat-belt Speed-Horsepower Charts. Belt Horsepower Charts. Flat-belt Horsepower Charts. Flat and V-belt Horsepower Charts. V-belt Lengths. Short-center Belt Drives. Chart for Calculating Needle Bearings. Thrust Bearing Friction Moments. Bronze Bearing Alloys. Shaft Seals. Roller-Bearing Seals. Sleeve-bearing Seals. Safety Gears. Shifting Mechanisms. Gibs and Guides. Cam Designs. Variable-speed Devices. Transport Mechanisms. Automatic Feed Hoppers. Glue applying Mechanisms.
CHAPTER VII - Drives and Controls
Analysis of Motor Load. Selection of Motor Type. Inquiry Form for Electric Motors. Winding Connection Diagrams for Multispeed Motors. Electric Control Methods. Electrically Operated Values. Automatic Timers. Trigger Switch Mountings. Thermostatic Mechanisms. Automatic Stops.
CHAPTER VIII - Design Data on Production Methods
Fusion Welding. Resistance Welding. Furnace Brazing. Flame Hardening. Centrifugal Casting. Permanent Mold Casting. Die Casting. Forging. Flame Cutting. Powdered Metal Pressings.
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Handbook of mechanical design
Arc length versus Central Angle. Chordal Height and Length of Chord. Length of Material for Bends. Circular Segments. Volumes in Tanks, Horizontal Round. Volumes in Tanks, Vertical Round. Volume, Weight, and Cost. Weights of Cylindrical Pieces. Chart of Unit and Total Weights. Chart of Weights and Volumes. Moment of Inertia of Prisms; Flywheels; Gears and Armatures. Radii of Gyration. Transferring Moments of Inertia to Parallel Axis. Centrifugal Force. Forces in Toggle Joint. Linear Motion. Rotary Motion. Mean Cooling Temperature. Solution of Ohm's Equations. Total Resistance of Parallel Circuits.
CHAPTER II - Materials
Selection of Materials. Cast Irons. Alloy Cast Irons. Effect of Nickel and Chromium on Cast Iron. Malleable Iron Castings. Cast Carbon Steels. High Alloy Cast Steels. Low Alloy Cast Steels. Corrosion and Heat-resistant Cast Steels. Properties of Stainless Steel. Iron-nickel-chromium Alloys. Aluminum Base Alloys. Magnesium Base Alloys. Insulating Materials. Plastic Materials. Phenolic Laminated Molded Materials. Steels for Automotive Parts.
CHAPTER III - Beams and Structures
Stress Calculations for Thin Aluminum Sheet Sections. Compression Members. Angles in Compression. Shear Members. Vertical Stiffeners for Shear Resisting Webs. Diagonal Tension Webs. Hollow Girders. Box Sections Subjected to Torsion. Chart for Determining Bending Moments. Deflection of Variously Loaded Beams. Stresses in Cantilever Beams. Tensile Strength of Round Wires. Rectangular Moments of Inertia.
CHAPTER IV - Latches, Locks and Fastenings
Locking Devices. Retaining and Locking Detents. Wire Locks and Snap Rings. Taper- Pin Applications. Hinges and Pivots. Clamping Shoes and Plugs. Lock Bolts and Indexing Mechanisms. Machine Clamps. Door and Cover Fastenings. Bolt Diameter, Load, and Stress.
CHAPTER V - Springs
Designs of Helical Springs. Spring Wire Specifications. Design Stresses. Torsional Moduli. Allowable Stresses Based on Endurance Limits. Natural Frequency. Formulas for Helical Springs. Permissible Manufacturing Tolerances. Form for Design Calculations. Standard Drawings for Springs. Table of Wire Gages and Diameters, with Their Squares, Cubes, and Fourth Powers. Inspection and Testing of Springs. Graphical Solution of Helical Spring Formulas. Helical Spring Charts for Specified Ratio of Loads and Lengths. Designs of Tension Spring Ends. Graphical Designs of Flat Cantilever Springs. Graphical Designs of Semielliptic Laminated Springs.
CHAPTER VI - Power Transmission Elements and Mechanisms
Flexible Couplings. Shaft Diameters for Torsion and Bending. Shaft Diameters for Torsional Deflection. Shaft Diameters for Lateral Deflection. Shaft Diameters - A.S.M.E. Code. Two-bearing Shafts of Uniform Strength. Stress in Rotating Disk. Velocity Chart for Gears and Pulleys. Flat-belt Length and Pulley Diameter. Flat-belt Speed-Horsepower Charts. Belt Horsepower Charts. Flat-belt Horsepower Charts. Flat and V-belt Horsepower Charts. V-belt Lengths. Short-center Belt Drives. Chart for Calculating Needle Bearings. Thrust Bearing Friction Moments. Bronze Bearing Alloys. Shaft Seals. Roller-Bearing Seals. Sleeve-bearing Seals. Safety Gears. Shifting Mechanisms. Gibs and Guides. Cam Designs. Variable-speed Devices. Transport Mechanisms. Automatic Feed Hoppers. Glue applying Mechanisms.
CHAPTER VII - Drives and Controls
Analysis of Motor Load. Selection of Motor Type. Inquiry Form for Electric Motors. Winding Connection Diagrams for Multispeed Motors. Electric Control Methods. Electrically Operated Values. Automatic Timers. Trigger Switch Mountings. Thermostatic Mechanisms. Automatic Stops.
CHAPTER VIII - Design Data on Production Methods
Fusion Welding. Resistance Welding. Furnace Brazing. Flame Hardening. Centrifugal Casting. Permanent Mold Casting. Die Casting. Forging. Flame Cutting. Powdered Metal Pressings.
DOWNLOAD FREE BOOK:
Handbook of mechanical design
