Tools and their uses

This manual provides information on the use and care of selected hand tools and measuring tools. It will explain the types and uses of a large number of tools, a practical application of a selected group of tools, safety requirements, general care, and limited repair. A user must have, choose, and use the correct tools in order to do the work quickly, accurately, and safely. Without the proper tools and knowledge of how to use them, the user wastes time, reduces efficiency, and may face injury.

When you need information about a specific tool or operation, simply refer to the alphabetical index at the end of the manual and turn to the pages that apply. The introduction to each tool chapter will furnish information on: How to choose and use the tools covered, the various types of tools available, and an example of their use. Instructions on the care of tools and safety precautions follow.

CHAPTER 2  - SAFETY

SAFETY AND SAFETY EQUIPMENT
No matter how small the job, safety must be practiced at all times. A tool may be efficient, essential, time-saving or even convenient; but it is also dangerous. When
using any hand tool you must use it correctly, following the methods prescribed in this manual. You must also be alert for any conditions that might endanger yourself or fellow workers. Take the time necessary to acquaint yourself with the safety guidelines in this chapter. Remember, you are the most important part of safety procedures.


Section I. SAFETY RULES (GENERAL)

There will undoubtedly be a safety program to follow for the shop or area in which you will be working. The following general safety rules are furnished as a guide.
1. SUPPORT your local safety program and take an active part in safety meetings.
2. INSPECT tools and equipment for safe conditions before starting work.
3. ADVISE your supervisor promptly of any unsafe conditions or practices.
4. LEARN the safe way to do your job before you start.
5. THINK safety, and ACT safety at all times.
6. OBEY safety rules and regulations-they are for your protection.
7. WEAR proper clothing and protective equipment.
8. CONDUCT yourself properly at all times-horseplay is prohibited.
9. OPERATE only the equipment you are authorized to use.
10. REPORT any injury immediately to your supervisor.

In addition to the above, there are other good tool habits which will help you perform your work more efficiently as well as safely.


TOOL HABITS

“A place for everything and everything in its place” is just common sense. You cannot do an efficient, fast repair job if you have to stop and look around for each tool that you need. The following rules, if applied, will make your job easier.

KEEP EACH TOOL IN ITS PROPER STORAGE PLACE. A tool is useless if you cannot find it. If you return each tool to its proper place, you will know where it is when you need it.

KEEP YOUR TOOLS IN GOOD CONDITION. Keep them free of rust, nicks, burrs, and breaks.

KEEP YOUR TOOL SETCOMPLETE. If you are issued a tool box, each tool should be placed in it when not in use. If possible, the box should be locked and stored in a designated area. Keep an inventory list in the box and check it after each job. This will help you to keep track of your tools.

USE EACH TOOL ONLY ON THE JOB FOR WHICH IT WAS DESIGNED. If you use the wrong tool to make an adjustment, the result will probably be unsatisfactory. For example, if you use a socket wrench that is too big, you will round off the corners of the wrench or nut. If this rounded wrench or nut is not replaced immediately, the safety of your equipment may be endangered in an emergency.

KEEP YOUR TOOLS WITHIN EASY REACH AND WHERE THEY CANNOT FALL ON THE FLOOR OR ON MACHINERY. Avoid placing tools anywhere above machinery or electrical apparatus. Serious damage will result if the tool falls into the machinery after the equipment is turned on or running.

NEVER USE DAMAGED TOOLS. Notify your supervisor of broken or damaged tools. A battered screwdriver may slip and spoil the the screw slot or cause painful injury to the user. A gage strained out of shape wil result in inaccurate measurements. Remember, a worker’s efficiency is often a direct result of the condition of the tools being used. Workers are often judged by the manner in which they handle and care for their tools. You should care for hand tools the same way you care for personal property. Always keep hand tools clean and free from dirt, grease, and foreign matter. After use, return tools promptly to their proper places in the tool box. Improve your own efficiency by organizing your tools so that those used most frequently can be reached easily without sorting through the entire contents of the box. Avoid accumulating unnecessary items.


Section II. SAFETY RULES (POWER TOOLS)

Safety is a very important factor in the use of power tools and cannot be overemphasized. By observing the following safety guidelines, you can ensure maximum benefits from the tools you use and reduce to a minimum the chances of serious injury.

-    Never operate any power equipment unless you are completely familiar with its controls and features.
-    Inspect all portable power tools before using them. See that they are clean and in good condition.
-    Make sure there is plenty of light in the work area. Never work with power tools in dark areas where you cannot see clearly.
-    Before connecting a power tool to a power source, be sure the tool switch is in the “OFF” position.
-    When operating a power tool, give it your FULL and UNDIVIDED ATTENTION.
-    DO NOT DISTRACT OR IN ANY WAY DISTURB another person while they are operating a power tool.
-    Never try to clear a jammed power tool until it is disconnected from the power source.
-    After using a power tool, turn off the power, disconnect the power source, wait for all movement of the tool to stop, and then remove all waste and scraps from the work area. Store the tool in its proper place.
-    Never plug the power cord of a portable electric tool into a power source before making sure that the source has the correct voltage and type of current called for on the nameplate of the tool.
-    Do not allow power cords to come in contact with sharp objects, nor should they kink or come in contact with oil, grease, hot surfaces, or chemicals.
-    Never use a damaged cord. Replace it immediately.
-    Check electrical cables and cords frequently for overheating. Use only approved extension cords, if needed.
-    See that all cables and cords are positioned carefully so they do not become tripping hazards.
-    Treat electricity with respect. If water is present in the area of electrical tool operation, be extremely cautious and if necessary, disconnect the power tool.