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The everready pipe and elbow chart
NEW BOOK OF INSTRUCTION FOR USE WITH THE EVERREADY PIPE AND ELBOW CHART
Designed for Sheet Metal and Boiler Workers
BY M. W. PEHL
NEW YORK, U. P. C. BOOK COMPANY, 1921
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The everready pipe and elbow chart
Preface
In this second edition of the Everready Pipe & Elbow Chart the author has endeavored to embody in the booklet a number of tables of weights and other data that is very necessary for every mechanic, foreman, superintendent and estimator to have in as compact a form as possible. A number of these charts, tables, etc., have been taken from books, periodicals and magazines, for which due credit is given.
To the mechanic, the booklet furnishes exact dimensions for cutting out patterns for pipes, ducts and elbows; also proper allowances for the small end of pipes, so that they will fit properly.
To the foreman, it gives correct angles for mitre lines of all kinds of elbows, and a good short method of cutting elbow patterns. It also gives the weights of round and rectangular ducts and elbows, areas and circumference of pipes, including laps, weights of iron, friction in ducts, the loss of power due to friction, correct radius in elbows, the equalization of pipe diameters, flue and register dimensions, and the carrying capacity of ducts.
To the superintendent, it furnishes information relative to the successful operation of a heating or ventilating system, and it is of a pocket size, for instant reference in checking up the size of main trunk ducts, branches or elbows; data on power, weights of material, and hoods for wood-working machinery in connection with dust and shaving collecting systems.
To the estimator, the tables of weights of round and rectangular ducts and elbows will prove a valuable addition where accuracy and time in figuring up each size of duct on a large contract is considered.
These tables have proven most efficient to the author in his work along these lines.
To the mechanic, the booklet furnishes exact dimensions for cutting out patterns for pipes, ducts and elbows; also proper allowances for the small end of pipes, so that they will fit properly.
To the foreman, it gives correct angles for mitre lines of all kinds of elbows, and a good short method of cutting elbow patterns. It also gives the weights of round and rectangular ducts and elbows, areas and circumference of pipes, including laps, weights of iron, friction in ducts, the loss of power due to friction, correct radius in elbows, the equalization of pipe diameters, flue and register dimensions, and the carrying capacity of ducts.
To the superintendent, it furnishes information relative to the successful operation of a heating or ventilating system, and it is of a pocket size, for instant reference in checking up the size of main trunk ducts, branches or elbows; data on power, weights of material, and hoods for wood-working machinery in connection with dust and shaving collecting systems.
To the estimator, the tables of weights of round and rectangular ducts and elbows will prove a valuable addition where accuracy and time in figuring up each size of duct on a large contract is considered.
These tables have proven most efficient to the author in his work along these lines.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
- Introductory
- Figuring Material
- Area Obtained by Chart
- Elbows
- How to Make Elbows of Eight or More Pieces
- Elbows of Less than 90 Degrees
- Figuring Rise for Elbows
- Weights of Elbows
- Weight of Galvanized Ducts
- Size of Conductor Pipes
- Revolutions of Fan Wheel of Given Diameter
- Flue Area Required for Passage of Air
- Number of Square Inches of Flue Area Required
- Pressure and Horse Power
- Factor Table
- Equalization of Pipe Diameter
- Area and Circumference of Circles
- Sizes of Galvanized Suction Traps
- Hoods for Woodworking Machinery
- Flue and Register Dimensions
- Carrying Capacity of Round and Rectangular Ducts
- Friction Effect of Elbows
- Weight of Wrought Iron and Steel Sheets
- Weight of Steel Angles with Equal Legs
- Weight of Steel Angles with Unequal Legs
- Weight of Round and Square Steel
- Estimated Weight of Galvanized Sheets
- Weight of Flat Bar Steel
- Weight of Flat Bar Iron
- Calculations for Size of Furnace, Pipes and Registers
- Dimensions of Registers and Boilers
- Estimated Capacity of Pipes and Registers
- Sizes and Areas of Round Pipe Overalled For Use In Warm Air Heating
- Table of Dimensions of Dust Separators
- Proportions of Standard Verrell Dust Collectors
- Proportion of Parts of Dust Separators
- Proportions of Main Duct in Dust Separation to Accommodate Branches
- Proportioning Gutters and Conductors to the Roof Surface
Elbows
THE calculations are based on 90 degree elbows, and all pieces have the same length of throat, 3/8-inch has been allowed for the seams. If elbow is to be riveted instead of peaned, add 5/8 of an inch to the measurements given. The radius means the distance from the center of a circle around which the inside of the elbow would fit. The usual method is to make the radius equal to the diameter of the pipe. With this chart, any radius from 3" to 62" can be used. The number of pieces to be used in an elbow should be determined by its size and position. The greater the number of elbow pieces the less will be the friction of air in the pipe.
Carrying Capacities of Round and Rectangular Air Pipes
The relative carrying capacity of air pipes carrying heated air, as influenced by the shape of the air pipe, was discussed at some length at one of the lectures before a class in heating conducted by James A. Donnelly, at the Harlem Branch of the Y. M. C. A., New York. Mr. Donnelly has expanded his talk on this detail since that time and supplied the information given below, accompanied by a chart.
He considers that the relative carrying capacity of round and rectangular section pipes may be very closely estimated on the basis of formulas of the flow of fluids through pipes. He therefore goes to the Weisbach formula, which, he explains, states that the comparative carrying capacity for various forms or shapes of pipes is proportional to an expression which is the product of the area and the square root of the quotient of the area divided by the perimeter of the pipe. The perimeter is, of course, the distance around the pipe. If the pipes to be compared are all to have the same area then the carrying capacity of pipes of equal area, but of different shape, is proportional to the quotient of the square root of the perimeter divided by the perimeter.
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The everready pipe and elbow chart
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